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DIFFERENCE BETWEEN S.I AND C.I ENGINES

Criteria S.I. Engine (Petrol or Spark Ignition Engine) C.I. Engine (Diesel or Compression Ignition Engine) Working Cycle Works on Otto Cycle or Constant Volume Cycle. Works on Diesel Cycle. Mixture During Suction Stroke Takes a mixture of air and petrol during the suction stroke. Takes only air during the suction stroke. Fuel Used Uses petrol as fuel. Uses diesel as fuel. Compression Ratio Has a compression ratio that varies from 6 to 10. Has a compression ratio that varies from 16 to 20. Engine Weight and Cost S.I. engines are lighter and cheaper. C.I. engines are heavier and costlier. Initial Cost Initial cost is lower compared to C.I. engines. Initial cost is high due to high compression ratio. Starting Starting is easy. Starting is difficult, especially in cold conditions. ...

BLAST FURNACE

#) MANUFACTURING OF PIG IRON BY BLAST FURNACE- The iron produced in blast furnace in molten State is called pig iron.
The raw material of pig iron are iron ore,coke & lime stone. Coke is used as fuel and line stone as flux.

CONSTRUCTION - It is a tall cylindrical stack ( chimney ) of steel plates with height of 15 to 30 meter and inside diameter 6 to 8 meter. It is lined with silica bricks from inside. In this at the bottom os the stack , there is a furnace hearth which hold the molten metal and slag.
Hearth - the floor of fire.
Slag is lighter that's why they float on
molten metal.There is two nothes in bottom for molten metal and slag. The hot blast air is supplied through tuyeres.
Tuyeres- it is a type of nozzle. These are water cooled.
The hot gases go out from the top of the furnace through dust catchers for removing dust in hot gas. There is two hopper at the top both have conical shape. The bottom hopper is called a bell. 

OPERATION AND WORKING - The hot blast air is supplied to the furnace through tuyeres which has temp (500- 600 ⁰C) which heat the furnace. The mixture of iron ore( 60%) , coke (25%)  and limestone (15%)  are loaded on bigger hopper then the mixture fall in lower hopper or bell hopper. The bell hopper open at definite interval of time and materials falls in furnace. And mixture started melting.
Following reaction take place in furnace:-
CaCO3 →Cao+ CO2
MgCO3 → MgO+ CO2


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DIFFERENCE BETWEEN S.I AND C.I ENGINES

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